Computers and their varieties

Desktop computer  is a stationary personal computer designed primarily for work in the office or at home. It implies a system consisting of individual components: a system unit, a monitor, a keyboard, a mouse. Desktop computers are conventionally divided into sub-types: office computer, home, gaming. The separation is certainly very inaccurate, but first things first. Link how to choose a good computer ...

In the office computer, components of the lower price category are usually used, although there are exceptions - for example, in an organization that works with AutoCad, 3d Max and similar complex graphics programs.

In home computers, they usually try to use more advanced components, for example, in the overwhelming majority they use a discrete graphics card, which is not integrated into the motherboard. In such computers more often install a larger amount of RAM, a larger hard disk, offer a larger monitor.
The gaming computer is the most powerful, sometimes 8 GB of RAM is installed in such systems (only 64-bit systems support this amount, all 32-bit systems support up to 4 GB, and in fact it turns out about 3 GB of RAM are included), there are instances and with 16 GB of memory. Also in such a computer several video cards are installed, usually 2, but sometimes more. They try to install top-end, most powerful video cards, set them up in SLI mode for Nvidia and Crossfire for Radeon video cards. For the tandem they try to use identical video cards (often even from the same series). Also in the system is installed several hard drives. Now fast SSD drives are becoming more and more accessible, they are small in size, for example 160 GB, but their speed is much higher than that of conventional hard drives. Therefore, an SSD disk for the operating system is often installed in a gaming computer, and, for example, 2 hard disks of two terabytes operating in RAID 0 mode (the mode when information is written to 2 disks at a time (the system sees not two disks, but one large) , giving an increase in speed when working up to 30%). It is not excluded in such a computer installation of a water cooling system. This type of computer is the most expensive and often assembled by enthusiasts. The image shows the inside of the gaming computer.


Nettop  - a small-sized personal computer.  The term nettop was proposed by Intel at the time of the announcement of Atom processors, which, in the understanding of this company, should become the main base for creating nettops. Nettop is a stationary analogue of a netbook (English netbook) - a miniature network laptop. As a typical example of a nettop available on the market, ASUS Eee Box, Acer, and Crystal station AspireRevo (Eng.) Are based on the combination of the NVIDIA Ion chipset and the Intel Atom processor. This type of computer as well as stationary use in offices. Because of its small size, it can easily be placed at the back of the monitor, and considering that its cost is less than stationary, then for the office it is sometimes the ideal solution. Of course, the performance of this solution is not as high as that of a full-fledged PC, but it is enough for office needs. Therefore, if you want to save work space and budget, this is a good solution. The nettop image on the monitor is the optimal use of this small computer.

Monoblock computer. The constructive scheme of a stationary PC in which the system unit, the monitor and, at present, the microphone, the sound column, the webcam are structurally combined into one device - a monoblock. Such a PC is more ergonomic (occupies a minimum of space) and more attractive from an aesthetic point of view. Also such a PC is also more portable than a stationary computer, built according to a separate scheme. One-piece computer The reverse side of this medal is the relatively difficult scalability of such a PC and, in particular, the relatively difficult independent technical modernization. Also relatively difficult and maintenance. For example, if a monoblock breaks, for example, a microphone, it is often possible to replace it with a serviceable one only in a service center. Naturally, monoblocks are widely used in cases where profitability comes first, and ease of scaling or self-maintenance, on the contrary, are not decisive.

Monoblock is often used at home, convenient because it does not take up much space, so more and more often they began to install a TV tuner in such a computer to watch television and rid the user of 2 items: a computer, a TV, combining them into one device. Also this computer is able to save you from all kinds of tape recorders, CDs, DVD players. It is not excluded that your monoblock computer will relieve you of the keyboard with a mouse (some models are equipped with touch screens), but it will cost a lot. Of the minuses of these systems, of course, the price, while it is still quite high, for the same money, an ordinary personal computer will be more productive, but since Since such devices are gaining popularity, then the cost is steadily falling, and productivity is increasing.


Tablet personal computer is a kind of notebook that took shape after the presentation of the Microsoft Tablet PC hardware and software platform in November 2002. Equipped with a touch screen and allow you to work with a stylus or fingers, both with and without keyboard and mouse. The main distinguishing feature of this PC family is hardware compatibility with IBM PC computers and full-fledged operating systems installed on them, such as: Microsoft Windows NT family (Windows XP Tablet PC Edition, Windows 7); Apple Mac OS X; Linux (complete desktop build of one of the distributions of this OS). Such an operating system allows the user to use without restriction any software available on the desktop computer.

Mainly used by active people: they always need a personal computer at hand, and they are always on the road. It is mainly used as an addition to the main computer, not being the main PC. It is used as a multimedia accessory: they watch films on it, read books, listen to music on the road, check mail on the Internet.

Laptop - a portable personal computer, in the case of which typical components of a PC are combined, including a display, keyboard and pointing device (usually a touch panel or touchpad), a pocket computer, and batteries. Laptops are small in size and weight, the battery life of laptops varies from 1 to 15 hours. Computer "Electronics MC 1504" in the form factor "Laptop" Laptop (English laptop - lap = knees of a seated person, top = top) or Carrier - a broader term, it applies to both laptops and tablet PCs. Laptops usually made in a folding form factor are usually referred to laptops. The laptop is transferred when folded, it allows you to protect the screen, keyboard and touchpad during transportation. It is also associated with the convenience of transportation (most often the laptop is transported in a briefcase, which allows you not to hold it in your hands, but hang it on your shoulder, for example). The idea of ​​creating a portable computing machine "the size of a notebook, having a flat monitor and able to connect to networks without wires," was put forward by Aero Key, research manager at Xerox in 1968. In 1979, at the request of NASA, William Mogridge (Grid Systems ) created the world's first laptop Grid Compass.

Advantages of laptops over desktop PCs: Light weight and size. Even laptops in the replacement desktop category can easily be moved to another location. A laptop can be taken on a business trip, to the country, on vacation. Moving a desktop computer to another room / office is often a problem, not to mention moving to another city. To work, it is not necessary to connect external devices. The laptop includes a built-in display, keyboard and pointing device (usually a touchpad), and all these devices must be connected to the desktop computer separately. The possibility of battery life. The presence of a battery allows a laptop to work in conditions where the electrical network is not available (in a train, plane, car, cafe, or just outside). A desktop computer can work autonomously for a very short time and only if there is an uninterruptible power supply. Ability to connect to wireless networks. Virtually all modern laptops (with the exception of some ultra-budget models) are equipped with an integrated Wi-Fi adapter that allows you to connect to the Internet without wires. Wi-Fi access points are in many cafes, entertainment centers, airports, hotels. There are also urban Wi-Fi networks that allow you to connect to a wireless network in many areas of the city. Desktop computers usually do not contain an integrated Wi-Fi adapter (with the exception of some expensive models and most nettops), however, for stationary computers, this drawback is not significant. In sum, all the advantages of laptops over stationary computers constitute the main quality of laptops: mobility.


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